PGCE Unit 1 professional practice ( A reflective journal ) Essay

PGCE Unit 1 professional practice ( A reflective journal ) - Essay Example In further elaboration of the motivation phenomenon, Atherton (2004) defines it as "either intrinsic/expressive (doing something for its own sake) or extrinsic/instrumental (doing something for some other reason)." Contrary to Petty’s (1993) presentation, Atherton (2004) emphasises that motivation is not an indivisible whole but is comprised of two distinct forms. While Pettys (1993) assertion is largely true, he oversimplifies the complex phenomenon of motivation, in which instance one need turn to Atherton (2004) for a more accurate understanding of the mentioned. In further elaboration of the stated, while Petty has correctly identified the centrality of motivation to effective learning, he incorrectly identifies teachers as the primary instigators of motivation. In essence, Petty (1993:32) lays much, if not all, of the responsibility for the generation of motivation upon teachers whereby he defines this particular task as the "greatest challenge that many teachers face." This is an oversimplification of the phenomenon of motivation, implying that motivation is essentially extrinsic whereby, as noted by Atherton (2004) it is both intrinsic and extrinsic. A teacher, through the enthusiasm with which he/she approaches the information communication responsibility, can similarly enthuse learners and, through the creation of a positive learning environment, characterized by encouragement and trust, can enhance the confidence levels of individual learners, thereby injecting them with the motivation to learn. However, as may be observed, a teachers motivation-elevation capacities are limited to the extrinsic, while effective learning is predicated on the presence of requisite minimal levels of both extrinsic and intrinsic motivation. Petty does not admit to the explicated differentiation, rendering his observation only partially accurate. As language, literacy and numeracy skills vary

Integrity Approach in Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Integrity Approach in Business - Essay Example owed and practiced, expectations that exist when the task is being carried out, and outcomes that the actions will bring (Martin, Vaught, Solomon, 2010). In the field of ethics is about the honesty that you practice. If we consider the concept if integrity in the domain of business world. Integrity would mean being truthful and being honest. When a person is trading an object, it is his integrity that he will disclose, the benefits and as well as the flaws that exist in the product instead of marketing the positive sides of the products only. Integrity is the opposite concept of hypocrisy. It is about a person being ethical and remaining constant with the actions that are ethical and that are expected of him. It is true that a person will lose the confidence that others have in him if he lies or double crosses, similarly in case of businesses, to maintain integrity it is important that business should always deliver the promise that they are making to the customers, it is also necessary that the business follows all the rules and laws that are laid down by the government. There are repercussions if they are not followed and this usua lly costs the business more than the cost that the company had to pay to deliver the promise that they have actually made. It is also necessary that the business should only make claims that are deliverable for them (Ciulla, Martin, Solomon, 2007). Today with increased globalization the roles of corporations has changed drastically, today the companies are the ones that are many times majorly dictating the terms and the rules of the trade and the economies of the place. The role of governments as reduced dramatically and drastically as increased globalization has caused the world to become quite enmeshed in each other and therefore, the rules are set by organizations as international trade also increased dramatically. Corporate governance is one method through which the organizations are able to know how they should behave with each

Porfirio Diaz’s leadership tactics Essay Example for Free

Porfirio Diaz’s leadership tactics Essay †¢ Diaz was able to manipulate other politicians as well as his surrounding leaders. He created great relationships with regional leaders, reminding them that the growth of Mexico’s economy would also create economic growth for them. [1] †¢ Diaz created peace among the Catholic Church supporters, and opponents. Diaz enforced new laws, reforming church privileges. [2] †¢ In order to boost the economy, Diaz looked to foreign investment. He gave tax breaks for international investors, used foreign capital to pay for infrastructure, and always encouraged trade with other countries (i. e Britain, United States, Germany, etc.). [3] †¢ To maintain political power and approval, Diaz regularly jailed those who spoke out against him or his policies, resulting in many editors and writers being imprisoned and opposing leaders â€Å"disappearing†. [4] Porfirio Diaz’s Presidential Terms †¢ Diaz served as president first in 1876, though the public realized his love of power, and elected a new president, Gonzalez, after Diaz’s first term. After a term of Gonzalez, Diaz then reclaimed presidency, and stayed in power from 1884 to 1910, a grand total of 30 years. [5] †¢ Diaz eventually lost power in 1911, after several public uproars and criticism’s about Diaz came forth, and the Maderistas took up arms against him. Soon, a revolution at the battle of Casas Grandes, took place, defeating Porfirio Diaz. [6] Juan Manuel de Rosas accomplishments †¢ Rosas walked into a politically unstable, Argentina. To fix this, Rosas believed in a greater amount of power for the governor. Through doing so, Rosas became a tyrant like leader, similar to Diaz. [7] †¢ During his reign, Rosas increased exported beef and hides, ended the ongoing civil wars, obtained much more land, and declined foreign debts. [8] Leadership Style of Rosas †¢ Rosas was extremely oppressive, not always being sympathetic or thoughtful, often showing no mercy to those whom he though betrayed him. [9] Analysis The Caudillos Juan Manuel de Rosas and Porfirio Diaz are two extremely powerful men in Latin American history, each changing different things about their country in different ways. However, one thing is consistent when analyzing both; they were masters of political power and maintained it better than most leaders. The rise and preservation of power does not come from simple charisma or character. Each leader devised strong strategies and processes, ensuring them the necessary support to rule a country for such an amount of time. After first being elected president in 1876, then losing his position to Gonzales, Diaz then reclaimed the presidency from 1184 to 1910, meaning he remained in power for a total of 30 years. [10] Diaz did this by manipulating others around him, including other authorities as well as the public. Those who did not agree with Diaz or spoke out were punished. Many were imprisoned or found disappearing[11]. Aside from the public, Diaz also took care of threatening opposing authorities by creating great relationships with regional leaders.[12] These relations, military power, and strive for strength created the everlasting regime of Porfirio Diaz. Like Diaz, Juan Manuel de Rosas grew to be extremely powerful during his country of Argentina’s, time of need. Again, being similar with Diaz, Rosas, while powerful, was also oppressive, as many Caudillos of the time soon became. Through a letter written by a citizen to Juan Manuel de Rosas, in which the man pleads for his daughter’s safety, Rosas is unmoved by the article and executes the daughter.[13] This is a prime example of the leader ship style of Rosa. Though, it does raise the question that if he was so oppressive and powerful, why was he in office for so long? When Rosas arrived in Argentina, political chaos was obvious. In order to ensure stability, Rosas implemented many changes in the government, including giving more power to the governor, which in turn, saved Rosas job for the future, allowing him to become a tyrant like leader.[14] Both of these Caudillos illustrate human’s crave for power, and the manipulation, deception, and devilish processes that can be used to maintain this power. We can see both of these men as great leaders, as they thoroughly accomplished what they decided was best. We can also see them as great lessons, teaching us of the dangers of leadership and the risks it often involves. Conclusion The view of past and present Caudillos will consistently change with the person the view is from. However, one thing is clear. Juan Manuel de Rosas and Porfirio Diaz were two Caudillos of political excellence, maintaining a long and influential regime. This was accomplished by both, through their personal triumphs over the previous government of their nation as well as a triumph over threatening authorities around and within the nation, such as Diaz regularly jailing those who spoke out against him or his policies. Rosas and Diaz both knew what they wanted and had valid processes in accomplishing this; though the moral values of their actions are up to discussion. This situation is common throughout history, including skilled leaders such as Hitler, Stalin, and Castro. Juan Manuel de Rosas and Porfirio Diaz display patterns of the past and expectations of the future.

The Bargaining Power Of Supplier And Generic Strategy Business Essay

The Bargaining Power Of Supplier And Generic Strategy Business Essay Generic strategy is the framework that explains in competitive advantage. According to Porter (Campbell, 2002), the generic strategy was insisted that there are three main options which are the best fit to the competition between firms that are differentiation, cost leadership and focus. In the past, the most consumers of computer market might know only Windows OS (operating system). Therefore in order to compete with large firm like Microsoft and the other, the differentiation strategy has been chosen by Steve Jobs. As a result, Macintosh, iPod and iPhone had been published and Apple can be achieved in several years later. Porters five forces analysis The bargaining power of supplier More bargaining power of supplier can determine less profitability in any companies (Smit, 2006). On the other hand, it can refer to the benefit of the buyer who may get better quality products. Apple Company has published the supplier responsibility report which explains the detail of Apples supplier standard (Apple, 2010). In addition, as can be seen from this report, Apple has tried to improve the efficiency of their supplier in order to meet their expectation and may reduce the bargaining power of their supplier. There is no doubt that Apple Company is still rapidly growing (Apple, 2010a), therefore the company still looking for new suppliers. Moreover, Apple has developed an ecosystem to obtain the best possible value and benefit to their customers and stakeholders. To decrease the bargaining power of Apples suppliers, the company allows new suppliers to register online on the companys website (Apple, 2010). Moreover, due to Apple is the leader technology company which has large demand of raw material. Thus, there are a plenty of suppliers which have been registered in order to be the Apples suppliers. Then, when there are more competitive among large number of suppliers, the bargaining power of them will be decreased. The bargaining power of buyer In order to achieve in the majority of markets, a company should meet the expectations of their customers which come from age, income, educational level, or even personality (Gilligan Wilson, 2003). Buyers seem to be more prices sensitive if the products are not differentiated because they can alternative to another retailer (Smit, 2006). However, Apple Companys positioning more focuses on less price sensitive customers which suppose to purchase premium product. Therefore, brand image of Apple had been created in order to contain the royalty of their customer and try to maintain their premium position. In addition, the product of Apple has been created base on differentiated and their customer requirement which cannot find from the other brands. (from lecture in the class) Furthermore, due to Apples products are differentiated form the other brands and the loyalty of Apple brand is quite high level, the bargaining power of buyers are therefore quite low. Threat of new entrance An entering of new companies to the industry may cause of decreasing the market share of the company (Hill Jones, 2009). However, Kurtz et al (2007) state that differentiation of product and brand as well as having a strong marketing strategy like competitive advantage might help the company to maintain the market share and generate profit. According to Apple (2010b), the operating system of Mac has been designed to unable to infect any PC viruses or any malware whereas Windows which is the operating system of Microsoft brand can be infected by varieties of PC viruses. Additionally, Graphical User Interface (GUI) of Apples applications is also different from the other brands. Furthermore, as can be seen Apple is differentiated from the other brand which make them have a strong position in the market. However, their competitors of MP3, phone, OS, Laptop PC, and the other products (Sony, Nokia, Microsoft, Dell, and so on) have tried to compete with Apple and they try to improve themselves as well as Apple Company. Consequently, the threat of new entry in Apple Companys level is low to medium and may increase in the future. , Threat of substitute product The products can be substituted by the same need of consumers (Campbell et al, 2002). For instance, if consumers want to buy a laptop, there are many choice of laptop which has similar performance and the same Operating System. Therefore they can pick the brand they want, nothing so different. However, Campbell (2002) insisted that the threat of substitute might have 2 factors which are the price and performance of the substitute and willingness of buyers to switch to the substitute. First the price and performance of the substitute, According to the feature of iPhone4 which is the earliest product of Apple, it combined together with smart phone which including FaceTime function, high quality camera and video recording, MP3, map and much more features. As a consequence, it is difficult for the other firms to substitute this company. In contrast, the price of Apples products is quiet high hence if the need of customer is not met, thus the competitor of Apple may have an opportunity to substitute the market. Secondly the willingness of buyers to switch to the substitute, the buyers may want to change supplier if they found the brand that have similar performance but cheaper. In Apple case, the customers are quiet high loyalty in the brand. As can be seen from Daily mail news (First Poulter, 2010), the first day that iPhone 4 released, there were crowned of people queued in front of their shops around the world. Furthermore, Campbell (2002) stated that the thread of substitute of the product can be as reduced as more buyers loyalty of the products. Consequently, the thread of substitute product of Apple is quiet low. The intensity of rivalry among competitor in the industry Businesses usually compete with each other in many ways for example, pricing, promotion, advertising and additional services (Campbell, 2002). In addition, Smit (2006) supports the idea that to compete between firms is similar to the jockeying for position which many tactics are used to compete with each other. Moreover, Campbell (2002) insists that the fifth force is the most important in five forces model and 3 factors of the fifth force have been explained. First the height of entry barriers and the number and size of the competitors in the industry (Campbell, 2002: p. 140), as mentioned above Apple have large firms to be their competitors such as Sony, Microsoft and more. On the other hand, due to the differentiated and quality of Apples products, it results in that Apple is in the first position of the most innovative company and their financial situation is successful (Bloomberg Businessweek, 2010) Second the degree of brand loyalty of customers (Campbell, 2002: p.141), as can be seen on the first day of releasing iPhone 4 (First Poulter, 2010) that there were more than thousands of people who queued to purchase iPhone 4 around the world, it additionally shows that the Apples brand loyalty of customers is high. Hence, the intense competition of Apple is quiet low. Third the power of buyers and availability of substitutes (Campbell, 2002: p.141), due to the differentiated in Apples products, it results in low bargaining power of the buyers and low availability of substitutes also. Conclusion In conclusion, due to achievement of Apples differentiated, the loyalty of their customers among the products and many firms want to be a part of Apples supplier, it result in low bargaining power of supplier and buyers, quiet low thread of new entrant and substitute of product and the intensity of rivalry is low. Thus it may be conclude that there are not many effects from five forces on Apple Company.

Analysis Of Sir Gawains Character Essay -- Arthurian Legends English

Analysis Of Sir Gawain's Character In Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, the character of Sir Gawain, nephew of the famed Arthur of the Round Table, is seen as the most noble of knights who is the epitome of chivalry, yet he is also susceptible to mistakes. His courtesy, honor, honesty, and courage are subjected to various tests, posed by the wicked Morgan le Fay. Some tests prove his character and the chivalrous code true and faultless, like the time he answers a challenge although it might mean his death, or remains courteous to a lady despite temptation. Other tests prove his character and the chivalrous code faulty such as the time he breaks his promise to his host, and when he flinches from a harmless blow. The first test to his courage, courtesy, humility and loyalty toward his king, Arthur, occurs when the Green Knight suddenly appears at Camelot’s New Year's feast. He offers the Round Table a challenge: the game is for a man to strike him with his axe, and twelve months and a day later, the Green Knight will return the blow. When Arthur accepts the challenge, Gawain interferes and asks Arthur with humility and courtesy to â€Å"grant him the grace to stand by him† (SGGK l. 343-344). He confesses that â€Å"he is the weakest, and of wit feeblest, and the loss of his life would not be a great tragedy at all because his body, but for Arthur’s blood, is not worth much" (SGGK l. 354-357). He asks to be granted the privilege to claim the Green Knight's challenge because it does not befit a king. Proof of Gawain’s character is substantiated by his noble acceptance of the Green Knight’s beheading game in order to â€Å"release the king outright from his obligation†(SGGK l. 365). It shows courage and loyalty that even among famed knights suc... ...love for his life. Thus Gawain deserves less blame for his misdemeanor minor transgression. Although Gawain, like most us, is prone to evil thoughts of selfishness and dishonesty, and takes a cowardly action, "men still hold him dear" in Bercilak's castle as well as in Arthur's Camelot (SGGK l. 2465). His friends are not as disappointed with him as he is disappointed with himself. He holds himself in contempt, "rages in his heart and grieves" for the shame in his actions and the green belt that he must bear (SGGK l.251-252). He wears the girdle as a badge to remind him of his faults and to lower his pride when it becomes inflated. But he has learned from his mistakes and becomes an even better knight. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight in The Norton Anthology of English Literature 7th ed. vol.1. Abrams, M. H et al. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2000. 157-210.

a tree grows in brooklyn :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A Tree Grown in Brooklyn   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A Tree Grows in Brooklyn, what a splendid name for this book. Most people that have not read this book might only think that this book is about a tree growing in Brooklyn. Not knowing that this book is really about Francie Nolan. Francie is the tree that is growing in Brooklyn. She is growing up so quickly, not because she wants to, but because she has too. Francie was basically forced to grow up in her mid-teens. She had to help support her family. The world that Francie lived in also contributed to her growth into womanhood.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A Tree Grows in Brooklyn takes place during the early 1900's, in the slums of Williamsburgs , Brooklyn. The slums are where the Nolan family lives their whole lives, although Francie later moves out and travels into New York City for her well paying job.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Nolan family consists of four strong hearted people. The Nolan's are very unique for a family who lives in the slums of Brooklyn; they are a pretty decent family of four. Kate is the beautiful young mother of Francie and Neeley and the wife of Johnny. Kate holds a janitress job to keep her family together and from starving, she is basically the sole provider for the family. Johnny, Kate's drunk husband, is considered to be a good man, but he is nothing but a drunk who, has an off and on again job as a free lance singer/waiter. Their daughter, Francie, who is the main character of the book, is a very intelligent young woman. Francie always wants to do the best in everything that she tries. Last but not least is the youngest Nolan, Neeley. He is Francie's younger brother. He is also loved the most by his mamma. Neeley is Katies Favorite and this is quite obvious. The Nolan's are unique. They have hope that life will get better.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Nolan family have an old tin-can bank that they keep in a closet in their house. Katie was told to have this bank to accumulate money to buy land so she could pass it on to her children. They put as much in as they can afford every day, and it slowly accumulates little by little. This book shows that, a penny saved, is a penny earned. And that every little bit counts. It makes you realize that money is not everything.

Medea Greek Mythology Essay

When Medea decides to take matters in to her own hands, about punishing the people who have done wrong to her, she is accused of wanting not justice—vengeance. Because I am not a native of neither Corinth nor Colchis, I have my own view about her motives. However, I would agree with the Corinthian Women, Medea is seeking vengeance; not justice. Some people might argue that Medea is seeking justice. When in actuality, Medea wants vengeance. The opposition would say justice took place because the Gods allowed Medea the time to perform her various acts. Although these things happened Medea turned to vengeance when she took it upon herself to kill Creon and his daughter Creusa. Even the chorus, the â€Å"ideal spectators†, implies that Creon is a poor king when, after he banishes Medea, the First Corinthian Woman sympathizes, â€Å"I am of Corinth and I say that Corinth is not well ruled. †(1. 214-216). This quote gives us proof that Medea has some sort of reason to seek revenge on Creon. However she lets her hatred exceed its boundaries and allows herself to take the lives of the King of Corinth and its Princess all because they chose Jason over her. In addition, her actions all prove that she wants Jason to do more than pay for hurting her. She wants him to suffer at the fate of her own children. Her revenge was selfish. Medea involved the two things she knew would hurt Jason the most—her own children. According to the First Corinthian Woman, â€Å"It would be better for you, Medea if the earth opened her jaws and took you down into darkness. But one thing you will not do, for you cannot, you will not hurt your own children, though wrath like plague-boils aches, your mind in a fire-haze bites the purple apples of pain. No blood-lapping beast of the field, she-bear nor lioness, nor the lean wolf-bitch, hurts her own tender whelps; nor the yellow-eyed, seythe-beaked, and storm shouldered eagle that tears the lambs has ever made prey of the fruit of her own tree. †(2. 115-126). Keep in mind that the Corinthian Women are the conscious of Corinth. Through this quote the First Corinthian Women has stated that Medea could not harm her own children. She even gives examples of the most dangerous predators that don’t even harm their own young. This is evidence that Medea went beyond the state of justice; but she went well into the state of vengeance. Medea knew what she was doing and quite frankly she could care less about anything other than what she thought of what was seeking revenge on Jason. In conclusion, vengeance was sought by Medea. She went above the fact of teaching Jason a lesson; she even stated she hated Jason more than she loved her children. Answer this question is what Medea has done entertaining or morally instructive?